p2k.unkris.air conditioning.id | Layanan Informasi 17 Jam Telp/Fax : 021-8762002, 8762003, 8762004, 87912360 HP/SMS : 081 1110 4824 27, 0812 9526 2009, 08523 1234 000, 0815 145 78119 WhatsApp : 0817 0816 486, 0812 9526 2009, 0815 145 78119 email : _ Hubungi Kami _ _ silahkan klik | | | | | Mac Os X Leopard Mac OS X Leopard (version x.v) is the 6th major release of Mac OS X, Apple tree's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Leopard was released on 26 October 2007 as the successor of Tiger (version 10.iv), and is bachelor in two variants: a desktop version suitable for personal computers, and a server version, Mac Os Ten Server. Leopard was superseded past Snow Leopard (version 10.6). Leopard is the concluding version of Mac OS X to support the PowerPC compages as Snow Leopard functions solely on Intel based Macs. According to Apple, Leopard contains over 300 changes and enhancements over its predecessor, Mac OS X Tiger, [1] covering cadre operating system components too as included applications and developer tools. Leopard introduces a significantly revised desktop, with a redesigned Dock, Stacks, a semitransparent menu bar, and an updated Finder that incorporates the Encompass Period visual navigation interface first seen in iTunes. Other notable features include support for writing 64-bit graphical user interface applications, an automatic backup utility chosen Time Machine, back up for Spotlight searches across multiple machines, and the inclusion of Front Row and Photograph Berth, which were previously included with simply some Mac models. Apple tree missed Leopard'southward release time frame as originally appear by Apple tree'southward CEO Steve Jobs. When beginning discussed in June 2005, Jobs had stated that Apple intended to release Leopard at the end of 2006 or early 2007. [2] A yr afterward, this was amended to Jump 2007; [three] withal on 12 April 2007, Apple issued a statement that its release would exist delayed until October 2007 because of the development of the iPhone. [4] New and inverse features Cease-user features Apple advertised that Mac Os X Leopard has 300+ new features, [5] including: - A new and improved Automator , with piece of cake starting points to hands start a workflow. Information technology also tin can speedily create or edit workflows with new interface improvements. Now information technology tin can utilize a new activeness called "Watch Me Practise" that lets you tape a user action (similar pressing a push button or controlling an application without built-in Automator back up) and replay as an action in a workflow. It can create more useful Automator workflows with actions for RSS feeds, iSight camera video snapshots, PDF manipulation, and much more.
- Back to My Mac, a characteristic for MobileMe users that allows users to admission files on their habitation computer while away from home via the cyberspace.
- Kicking Camp, a software banana allowing for the installation of other operating systems, such every bit Windows XP (SP2 or afterward) or Windows Vista, on a separate partition (or separate internal drive) on Intel-based Macs.
- Dashboard enhancements, including Web Clip, a feature that allows users to plough a role of whatever Web page displayed in Safari into a live Dashboard widget, and Dashcode to aid developers lawmaking widgets. [6]
- New Desktop, comprises a redesigned 3-D dock with a new grouping feature chosen Stacks, which displays files in either a "fan" style, "grid" style, or (since 10.5.2) a "list" style. R.L. Prior, on the ThinkMac web log, criticized the shelf-like Dock forth with a number of other changes to the user interface. [vii]
- Dictionary can at present search Wikipedia, and a dictionary of Apple terminology as well. Also included is the Japanese-language dictionary Daijisen, Progressive E-J and Progressive J-E dictionaries, and the 25000-word thesaurus "Tsukaikata no Wakaru Ruigo Reikai Jiten" (使い方の分かる類語例解辞典 ? ), all of which are provided past the Japanese publisher Shogakukan. [8] [9]
- A redesigned Finder , with features similar to those seen in iTunes 7, including Cover Catamenia and a Source list-like sidebar.
- Front Row has been reworked to closely resemble the interface of the original Apple Idiot box.
- iCal calendar sharing and group scheduling as well as syncing event invitations from Mail service. [ten] The icon also reflects the current engagement even when the application is non running. In previous versions of Mac Os 10, the icon would show 17 July in the icon any time the application was not running but the current date when the awarding was running.
- iChat enhancements, including multiple logins, invisibility, blithe icons, and tabbed chats, similar to features present in Pidgin, Adium and the iChat plugin Chax; iChat Theater, allowing users to incorporate images from iPhoto, presentations from Keynote, videos from QuickTime, and other Quick Look features into video chats; and Backdrops, which are similar to chroma keys, merely use a existent-time difference matte technique which does not require a light-green or blue screen. iChat also implements screen sharing, a characteristic previously available with Apple Remote Desktop. [3] [11] [12]
- Mail enhancements including the additions of RSS feeds, Jotter, Notes, and to-dos. To-dos use a system-wide service that is available to all applications. [thirteen]
- Network file sharing improvements include more than granular control over permissions, consolidation of AFP, FTP and SMB sharing into one control console, and the ability to share individual folders, a feature that had not been available since Mac Os 9. [14]
- Parental controls at present include the ability to place restrictions on use of the Internet and to set parental controls from anywhere using remote setup. [15]
- Photo Booth enhancements, including video recording with real-time filters and blueish/green-screen engineering science.
- Podcast Capture, an awarding allowing users to tape and distribute podcasts. It requires access to a figurer running Mac Os X Server with Podcast Producer.
- Preview adds support for note, graphics, extraction, search, markup, Instant Blastoff and size adjustment tools. [16]
- Quick Look , a framework allowing documents to be viewed without opening them in an external application and can preview information technology in full screen. [17] Plug-ins are available for Quick Look so that you can too view other files, such as Installer Packages.
- Safari iii, which includes Web Clip.
- Spaces, an implementation of virtual desktops (individually called "Spaces"), allows multiple desktops per user, with certain applications and windows in each desktop. [xviii] Users tin can organize sure Spaces for certain applications (due east.g., one for work-related tasks and i for entertainment) and switch between them. Exposé works within Spaces, allowing the user to see at a glance all desktops on one screen. [19] ) Users can create and control upward to 16 spaces, and applications can exist switched between each one, creating a very large workspace. The automobile-switching feature in Spaces has bellyaching some of its users. Apple added a new preference in 10.5.2 which disabled this feature, but at that place were however bugs constitute while switching windows. In 10.5.3, this trouble was addressed and was no longer an issue. [20]
- Spotlight incorporates boosted search capabilities such as Boolean operators, as well as the power to search other computers (with permissions). [21]
- Time Automobile, an automatic fill-in utility which allows the user to restore files that have been deleted or replaced by another version of a file. [22] Though more often than not lauded in the printing equally a step forward for information recovery, Time Automobile has been criticized in multiple publications for lacking the capabilities of third-political party backup software. Analyzing the feature for TidBITS, Joe Kissell pointed out that Time Machine does non create bootable copies of backed-up volumes, does not dorsum up to AirPort Disk difficult drives and will not back up FileVault encrypted home directories until the user logs out, final that the characteristic is "pretty skilful at what it does" just he will only utilise information technology as part of a "broader fill-in strategy". [23] [24] [25] One of these bug has been resolved, still; On xix March 2008, updates were released for AirPort and Fourth dimension Machine, allowing for Time Machine to employ a USB hd which has been connected to an AirPort Extreme Base Station. [26]
- Universal Access enhancements: pregnant improvements to applications including VoiceOver, along with increased back up for Braille, closed captioning and a new high‐quality Speech communication synthesis voice. [27]
- Many changes to the user interface , such equally a transparent bill of fare bar, new icons, and a 3D Dock. As well as this, the Apple tree icon is now blackness instead of blueish. R.L. Prior, on the ThinkMac blog, criticized a number of changes to Leopard's user interface, including the transparent card bar and the new folder icons. [vii] Decreased transparency of the menu bar, along with the power to disable the menu bar transparency were added with the ten.v.two release on 11 Feb 2008. [28]
- Russian language support, bringing the total to eighteen languages. [29]
- Leopard removes support for Archetype applications. [thirty]
Programmer technologies - Native back up by many libraries and frameworks for 64-flake applications, assuasive 64-chip Cocoa applications. Existing 32-bit applications using those libraries and frameworks should continue to run without the need for emulation or translation. [31]
- Leopard offers the Objective-C 2.0 runtime, which includes new features such as garbage collection. Xcode 3.0 supports the updated language and was itself rewritten with it. [32]
- A new framework, Core Animation, allows a developer to create complex animations while specifying only a "start" and a "goal" space. The main goal of Core Animation is to enable the cosmos of circuitous animations with small amounts of program code.
- Apple tree integrates DTrace from the OpenSolaris project and adds a graphical interface called Instruments (previously Xray). DTrace provides tools that users, administrators and developers can use to melody the performance of the operating system and the applications that run on it. [33]
- The new Scripting Bridge allows programmers to use Python and Cherry to interface with the Cocoa frameworks. [34]
- Cherry on Rails is included in the default install.
- Leopard's OpenGL stack has been updated to version 2.1, and uses LLVM to increase its vertex processing speed. [35] Apple has been working to get LLVM integrated into GCC; [36] LLVM's use within other operating system facilities has not been announced.
- The Graphics and Media Land of the Spousal relationship accost confirmed many other features are possible because of Core Blitheness, such as alive desktops, improvements to Quartz Composer with custom patches, a new PDF Kit for developers, and improvements to QuickTime APIs.
- The
FSEvents framework allows applications to register for notifications of changes to a given directory tree. [37] - Leopard includes a read-only implementation of the ZFS file organisation.
-
- In mid-December 2006, a pre-release version of Leopard appeared to include back up for Dominicus's ZFS. [38] Jonathan Schwartz, CEO and President of Sun Microsystems, boasted on vi June 2007 that ZFS has become "the file system" for Leopard. [39] All the same, the senior project marketing director for Mac Os X stated on eleven June 2007 that the existing HFS+, not ZFS, will be used in Leopard. Apple afterwards clarified that a read-only version of ZFS would be included. [40]
- Leopard includes drivers for UDF 2.5, necessary for reading Hard disk drive DVD and Blu-ray discs using third-party drives, simply the included DVD Player software can but play HD DVDs authored by DVD Studio Pro. [41]
- Leopard includes a framework implementing latent semantic mapping for classifying (e.g. textual) data.
- Leopard is the get-go operating organisation with open source BSD code to be certified as fully UNIX compliant. [42] [43] Certification ways that software following the Unmarried UNIX Specification can be compiled and run on Leopard without the need for whatsoever code modification. [34] The certification just applies to Leopard when run on Intel processors. [44]
- Leopard includes J2SE 5.0. [45]
Security enhancements New security features intend to provide better internal resiliency to successful attacks, in addition to preventing attacks from beingness successful in the get-go place. - Library Randomization
- Leopard implements library randomization, [46] which randomizes the locations of some libraries in memory. Vulnerabilities that corrupt programme retentivity often rely on known addresses for these library routines, which allow injected lawmaking to launch processes or change files. Library randomization is presumably a stepping-stone to a more complete implementation of address space layout randomization at a later date.
- Application Layer Firewall
- Leopard ships with two firewall engines: the original BSD IPFW, which was nowadays in before releases of Mac OS X, and the new Leopard Awarding Layer Firewall. Unlike IPFW, which intercepts and filters IP datagrams earlier the kernel performs meaning processing, the Application Layer Firewall operates at the socket layer, bound to individual processes. The Application Layer Firewall can therefore brand filtering decisions on a per-application basis. Of the two-firewall engines, only the Application Layer Firewall is fully exposed in the Leopard user interface. The new firewall offers less control over private packet decisions (users can decide to allow or deny connections organisation wide or to individual applications, but must use IPFW to set fine-grained TCP/IP header level policies). It likewise makes several policy exceptions for system processes: neither mDNSResponder nor programs running with superuser privileges are filtered. [47]
- Sandboxes
- Leopard includes kernel-level support for role-based access control (RBAC). RBAC is intended to prevent, for example, an application similar Mail from editing the password database.
- Awarding Signing
- Leopard provides a framework to employ public fundamental signatures for lawmaking signing to verify, in some circumstances, that code has not been tampered with. Signatures tin can too exist used to ensure that i plan replacing another is truly an "update", and carry whatever special security privileges across to the new version. This reduces the number of user security prompts, and the likelihood of the user being trained to simply clicking "OK" to everything.
- Secure Guest Account
- Guests can be given access to a Leopard arrangement with an account that the arrangement erases and resets at logout. [48]
Security features in Leopard take been criticized as weak or ineffective, with the publisher Heise Security documenting that the Leopard installer downgraded firewall protection and exposed services to set on even when the firewall was re-enabled. Several researchers noted that the Library Randomization feature added to Leopard was ineffective compared to mature implementations on other platforms, and that the new "secure Guest account" could be abused by Guests to retain access to the arrangement even later on the Leopard log out process erased their domicile directory. [49] [50] [51] [52] Organisation requirements Apple states the following basic Leopard system requirements, although, for some specific applications and actions (such as iChat backdrops) an Intel processor is required: [53] - Processor: any Intel processor, or PowerPC G5 or G4 (867 MHz and faster) processor
- Optical drive: internal or external DVD drive (for installation of the operating system)
- Retention: minimum 512 MB of RAM (boosted RAM (1 GB) is recommended for development purposes)
- Hard drive capacity: Minimum 9 GB of deejay space available.
Leopard'due south retail version was non released in split versions for each type of processor, just instead consisted of one universal release that could run on both PowerPC and Intel processors. [31] All the same, the install discs that ship with Intel-based Macs only contain Intel binaries.[ citation needed ] Processor type and speed are checked during installation and installation halted if insufficient; all the same, Leopard will run on slower G4 processor machines (due east.g., a 733mhz Quicksilver) if the installation is performed on a supported Mac and its hard-drive then moved to a slower/unsupported one (the bulldoze may either be an internal mechanism or a Firewire external).[ citation needed ] Supported machines Leopard can run on the later flat panel iMac G4s, the outset iMac G5, 2nd iMac G5 (with the ambient light sensor), 3rd iMac G5 (with iSight), iMac Intel Cadre Duo and (present day) iMac Intel Core 2 Duo, PowerBook G4, Power Mac G4, Ability Mac G5, iBook G4, MacBook, MacBook Pro, MacBook Air, Mac Pro, Mac Mini, Xserve, Xserve G5, Xserve RAID, Macintosh Server G4, and later eMac models. Leopard can run on older hardware as long as they take a G4 upgrade installed running at the 867 MHz or faster, have at least 9 GB free of hard drive space, 512 MB RAM and have a DVD drive. Leopard however volition not run on the 900 MHz iBook G3 models even though they exceed the minimum 867 MHz requirement. This is due to the lack of AltiVec in the G3 line of processors and the fact that nigh pre-G4 and early G4 systems do not have video hardware capable of supporting Core Prototype, two technologies Leopard relies upon heavily, amid others. Leopard can be "hacked" (see below) to install on these G3 and pre-867 MHz G4 machines but the arrangement may behave erratically and many of the programs, features, and functions may not work properly or at all. As of Mid 2010, some Apple computers have firmware mill installed which will no longer permit installation of Mac Bone 10 Leopard. These computers only allow installation and running of Mac OS X Snow Leopard.[ commendation needed ] Even so, some computers (such as the 2011 model of the Mac mini) can accept Leopard installed on them without hacking. Usage on unsupported hardware Some ways of running Leopard on certain unsupported hardware, primarily PowerPC G4 computers with CPU speeds lower than the official requirement of 867 MHz, accept been discovered. A common manner is apply of the plan LeopardAssist, which is a bootloader similar in some respects to XPostFacto (used for installing before releases of Mac OS Ten on unsupported G3 and pre-G3 Macs) that uses the Mac'south Open Firmware to tell Leopard that the machine does have a CPU meeting the 867 MHz minimum requirement that the Installer checks for before installation is allowed to embark, when in reality the CPU is slower. [54] Currently, LeopardAssist only runs on slower G4s and many people have installed Leopard successfully on these older machines. Users who have access to supported hardware accept installed Leopard on the supported machine then just moved the hard drive to the unsupported motorcar. Alternatively, the Leopard Installation DVD was booted on a supported Mac, so installed on an unsupported Mac via Firewire Target Disk Mode. Leopard is only compiled for AltiVec-enabled PowerPC processors (G4 and G5) though, as well as Intel, and so both of these methods will merely work on Macs with G4 or after CPUs. While some of the earlier beta releases were made to run on some later G3 machines (mostly after 800–900 MHz iBooks), no success with the retail version has been officially reported on G3 Macs except for some subsequently iMacs and "Pismo" PowerBook G3s with G4 processor upgrades installed. For a number of months after Leopard's release information technology appeared that the only G3 Macs on which Leopard could exist run were those with both an aftermarket G4 processor and an AGP graphics carte du jour, every bit failures with the Bone partially booting before crashing were reported on older Macs such every bit the original tray-loading iMacs and the Biscuit and Blue & White Power Mac G3 (all with G4 upgrades as Leopard will not even begin to load without one) whereas information technology would boot fine on newer Macs where the Installer restriction had been circumvented. However, more recently it has been reported [55] [56] that with some more than work and use of kernel extensions from XPostFacto, Tiger and beta builds of Leopard, the Os can be made to run on G4-upgraded Macs as old as the Power Macintosh 9500, despite the lack of AGP-based graphics. While Leopard tin be run on any Mac with a G4 or later processor, some functionality such every bit Front end Row or Time Machine fails to work without a Quartz Extreme-capable graphics bill of fare, which many of the earlier G4s did not include in their manufactory specification. Since Apple moved to using Intel processors in their computers, the OSx86 customs has developed and now also allows Mac Bone 10 Tiger and later releases to exist installed and run successfully on non-Apple tree x86-based computers, admitting in violation of Apple's licensing agreement for Mac Os X. Packaging The retail packaging for Leopard is significantly smaller than that of previous versions of Mac Os Ten (although subsequently copies of Tiger also came in the new smaller box). It also sports a lenticular cover, making the X appear to float in a higher place a purple milky way, somewhat resembling the default Leopard desktop wallpaper. [57] Release history Version | Build | Date | Os name | Notes | Download | ten.v | 9A581 | Oct 26, 2007 | Darwin 9.0 | Original retail DVD release | Due north/A | 10.5.1 | 9B18 | November 15, 2007 | Darwin nine.ane | Well-nigh the Mac Bone X 10.v.1 Update; Second retail DVD release | Mac Os X ten.5.1 Update | 10.five.2 | 9C31, 9C7010 | February 11, 2008 | Darwin 9.2 | Nigh the Mac Os Ten 10.5.2 Update | Mac OS X 10.5.2 Philharmonic Update | 10.5.3 | 9D34 | May 28, 2008 | Darwin ix.3 | About the Mac OS X 10.5.iii Update | Mac OS X 10.5.3 Update | ten.5.4 | 9E17 | June thirty, 2008 | Darwin 9.four | Almost the Mac Os Ten x.five.4 update; Third retail DVD release | Mac Os X x.v.iv Update | ten.v.5 | 9F33 | September 15, 2008 | Darwin 9.5 | About the Mac OS Ten 10.v.5 Update | Mac OS X 10.5.v Update | x.5.half-dozen | 9G55 | Dec 15, 2008 | Darwin ix.half-dozen | About the Mac OS X ten.five.6 Update | Mac OS Ten ten.5.6 Update | 9G66 | Jan 6, 2009 | 4th retail DVD release (part of Mac Box Set) | Due north/A | 10.5.7 | 9J61 | May 12, 2009 | Darwin nine.7 | About the Mac Bone X 10.5.7 Update | Mac Bone 10 10.five.seven Update | 10.5.8 | 9L30 | August 5, 2009 | Darwin 9.8 | Almost the Mac OS X 10.five.8 Update | Mac Bone X 10.v.8 Update Mac Bone Ten ten.5.8 Update Combo | Compatibility After Leopard'due south release, at that place were widely-reported incidents of new Leopard installs hanging during boot on the blue screen that appears only earlier the login process starts. [58] Apple attributed these problems to an outdated version of an unsupported add-on extension called Awarding Enhancer (APE), from Unsanity which had been incompatible with Leopard. Some users were unaware that APE had been silently installed during installation of Logitech mouse drivers. All the same, simply the users who did not have the latest version of APE installed (2.0.3 at that fourth dimension) were affected. [59] Apple published a cognition base article on how to solve this trouble. [sixty] Google announced that the Chrome browser will be dropping support for Leopard starting on Chrome 21. By that fourth dimension Chrome will no longer auto-update, and new Chrome installations are unallowed. Their rationale for removal of support is that Leopard is an "OS 10 version also no longer being updated by Apple tree." [61] Firefox also dropped back up for Leopard after it shipped Firefox 16 in Oct, 2012. [62] References - ^ "Mac OS 10 Leopard — Features - 300+ New Features". 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External links | | Versions | | | Applications | | | Utilities | | | Engineering science and user interface | | | | Tags: Mac OS X Leopard, Informatika, Komputer, 3065, Mac Bone X Leopard Mac OS Ten v10.5, Leopard, Part of the Mac OS 10 family Screenshot of Mac Bone X Leopard, Note how the Dock is different to previous versions of Mac Bone X, Developer Apple tree Inc, Website Official website Releases Initial release 26 Oct 2007 [ info ] Stable release 10.five.eight (9L30) (August 5 2009) [ info ] Source model Closed source (with open up source components) License Apple P, Mac Bone X Leopard, Bahasa Indonesia, Contoh Instruksi, Tutorial, Referensi, Buku, Petunjuk p2k, unkris.ac.id | Konten Lain silakan klik | ⛥ Daftar Terbaru Pahlawan RI ⛥ ⛥ ⛥ ⛥ Jadwal Solat + Imsakiah ⛥ Konsultasi Psikologi, dsb ⛥ ⊜ Link ke Tautan ke Kongo ⊜ Link ke Portal Negara-negara - AFRIKA : Republic of kenya, Komoros, Kongo, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar ⊜ Link ke Portal Negara-negara - AMERIKA UTARA : Antillen, Aves, Bahama, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda ⊜ Link ke Portal Negara-negara - EROPA : Transnistria, Ukraina, Vatikan, Yunani ⊜ Link ke Portal Negara-negara - OCEANIA : Polinesia, Pulau Cook, Pulau Marshall, Pulau Pitcairn ⛥ ⛥ Perpustakaan Nasional Dunia ⛥ | |
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